FAQ About Cold Cases and Breakthroughs

Advancements in forensic science have played a significant role in solving cold cases by providing investigators with new tools, techniques, and insights to reevaluate existing evidence or analyze previously untested materials. Here are several ways advancements in forensic science contribute to solving cold cases:

• DNA analysis: DNA technology has revolutionized forensic science. Improved DNA testing methods, such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and STR (short tandem repeat) analysis, allow for more sensitive and accurate examination of DNA evidence. This has enabled the identification of suspects, the linkage of cases, the exclusion of innocent individuals, and the resolution of cold cases that lacked viable leads during their initial investigations.
• Touch DNA analysis: Advancements in touch DNA analysis have made it possible to detect and analyze DNA left behind through minimal contact, such as skin cells transferred by touch. This has expanded the potential sources of DNA evidence in cold cases, even from objects that were not traditionally considered to be suitable for DNA analysis.
• Forensic anthropology: Forensic anthropology techniques, such as skeletal analysis, can assist in identifying human remains and determining important details about the individual, such as age, sex, stature, and possible causes of death. This can be valuable in cold cases where victims have remained unidentified for years.
• Forensic odontology: Dental evidence and bite mark analysis can help establish the identity of victims or suspects and provide additional forensic evidence in cold cases involving dental records or bite marks.
• Ballistics analysis: Advancements in ballistics analysis allow for more precise firearm identification and the comparison of bullets, casings, and other ballistic evidence. This can help connect firearms to specific crimes or link cases involving the same weapon, aiding in the resolution of cold cases.
• Digital forensics: With the increasing prevalence of digital devices, digital forensics has become crucial in cold case investigations. Advanced techniques enable the recovery and analysis of data from computers, cell phones, or other electronic devices, providing valuable evidence and insights into the activities of suspects or victims.
• Isotopic analysis: Isotopic analysis of human remains or other materials can provide information about an individual's geographic origin, diet, and movement. This can assist in identifying unidentified individuals or establishing crucial timelines in cold cases.
• Facial reconstruction: Advances in facial reconstruction techniques, including 3D imaging and computer modeling, can assist in recreating the appearance of unidentified victims, potentially leading to their identification.
• Chemical analysis: Sophisticated chemical analysis methods can identify substances, such as drugs or toxins, in biological samples, providing insights into the cause of death or potential factors involved in cold cases.